元明　秀成・木添　和博・山本　正悟・岩城　詩子^*1

Infectious Agents (viruses) Surveillance Report in Miyazaki Prefecture, 2002.

Hidenari GANMYO, Akira IWAKIRI,Seigo YAMAMOTO, and Utako IWAKI

Abstract
In the surveillance of infectious agents (viruses), of the total 851 samples collected from sentinel hospitals, 238 viruses were isolated in Miyazaki Prefecture in 2002.

During the 2002/03 Influenza season, 75 Influenza viruses were isolated. Of these isolates, 53 were subtyped as Influenza A(H3) viruses, and 22 were influenza B viruses, respectively. At first, Influenza A(H3) viruses were isolated at the beginning of December. Subsequently, epidemics of these two subtypes occurred. The influenza A(H3) viruses was isolated mainly in the first term, and the B viruses mainly in the later period.

Echovirus 13 (E13) has been isolated in Europe since 2000, and America and West Australia in 2001 . In Japan,first prevalence caused by this virus confirmed in Fukushima Prefecture in September 2001. In Miyazaki Prefecture,it has been isolated since February 28 2002, and 66 isolates were obtained. Twenty -two (33.3%) of these isolates were obtained from the children aged 3 month to 1 year (mean 0.63 year) with exanthema ,and 33 (50.0%) of these isolates were obtained from the schoolchildren aged 1 month to 13 year (mean 5.76 year)with aseptic meningtis . E13 tended to develop exanthema in infants, and aseptic meningitis in addition to exanthema in schoolchildren. This tendency was similar to that of E18 infection in 2001.

Measles epidemic has been occurred every three years (i.e. 1992, 1995, 1998and 2001)in Miyazaki Prefecture. However,unexpectedly,the epidemic of measles virus has prevailed from the latter part of July ,2002 to April,2003. In this epidemic, 25th measles viruses were isolated from 58 samples,mainly throat sawabs.The nucleotide sequence analysis conducted at the Nationl Institute of infectious diseases and our laboratory showed that the genotype of 5 strains isolated in 2002 and 2003 were type H1.The genotype of the measles virus isotated in 2001 in Miyazaki prefecture was D5.This change of genotype was confirmed in most districts of Japan.

Key words : influenza virus, echovirus 13, adenovirus type 3, coxsackievirus A16, measles virus

はじめに
1999年に感染症法が施行されてからはや5年が経過しようとしている。見直しの時期にあたり、従来は赤痢を代表とする消化器系の感染症を視野においていたこの法が、2003年のSARSの世界的な流行によって、今までの概念を打ち破った呼吸器系の新しい感染症の出現で、大きく改正されることとなった。まず、SARSとバイオテロに使用される可能性の高い痘瘡（天然痘）が一類感染症に追加されたことと、地方公共団体における調査体制の強化がうたわれたことにより、ますます感染症発生動向調査事業の病原体検出の重要性が増してきた。

宮崎県における2002年の病原体検索では、851件の検体が病原体定点、協力医療機関から搬入され、238株のウイルスが分離同定、検出された。今回、分離数の多かったインフルエンザウイルス、エコーウイルス13型、アデノウイルス3型、コクサッキーウイルスA16型、および麻疹ウイルスについて解析を行ったので報告する。なお、インフルエンザウイルス及び麻疹ウイルスについては流行期間の関係で2002/2003シーズンについて解析を行った。

微生物部ウイルス科　　　^*1企画管理課